*. be動(dòng)詞的概念：

be動(dòng)詞是系動(dòng)詞的一種，是與一般動(dòng)詞（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）相區(qū)此外概念。一般動(dòng)詞暗示詳細(xì)的動(dòng)做。而be動(dòng)詞不是動(dòng)做，它凡是與名詞、描述詞或其它詞類一路暗示主語的性量、形態(tài)、身份、特點(diǎn)等等。

一般動(dòng)詞良多，如：walk(走)、read(讀)、stand(站立)等等，而be動(dòng)詞只要一個(gè)，那就是be，所以它稱為be動(dòng)詞。be動(dòng)詞在差別的句子中有差別的中辭意義，有時(shí)以至不消翻譯其意義。

be動(dòng)詞有差別的形式，如：如今式有am, are, is三種，過去式有was和were兩種，過去分詞只要been一種形式。

2. be動(dòng)詞的如今式用法：

be動(dòng)詞的如今式有am, are, is三種，詳細(xì)用哪一種，必需由主語的人稱和數(shù)決定。如下表所示：

例句：

（*） I am a student. 我是一論理學(xué)生。

（2） We are all here. 我們各人都在那兒。

（*） You are so beautiful. 你是那么標(biāo)致。

（*） He is my English teacher. 他是我的英語教師。

（*） Is she nine years old？她是九歲嗎？

（*） My name is Mary. 我的名字叫瑪麗。

（7） It is sunny today. 今天的氣候晴朗。

（8） Tom and his friends are in the park. 湯姆和他的伴侶們都在公園里。

*. be動(dòng)詞的過去式用法：

be動(dòng)詞的過去式是：was和were, 那兩種形式與如今式用法沒有多大區(qū)別，做謂語時(shí)用哪一種，仍是由主語的人稱和數(shù)決定。如下表：

(2)否認(rèn)句：主語+be動(dòng)詞+not……

如：My father is not a teacher.縮寫：My father isn’t a teacher.

We are not at home. 縮寫：We aren’t at home.

(*)疑問句：be動(dòng)詞+主語……

如：

(a) 一般疑問句及其答復(fù)：

Are you a student? 答復(fù)：Yes, I am. No, I am not.

留意：含be動(dòng)詞的一般疑問句答復(fù)用Yes或No. 其構(gòu)造是：

Yes, + 主語 + be動(dòng)詞 / No, + 主語 + be動(dòng)詞 + not.

(b) 特殊疑問句：

What is your name?

How are you?

Where is my pencil-box?

*. There be句型：

there be句型是含有be動(dòng)詞的一個(gè)重要句型。其構(gòu)造如下：

there + be動(dòng)詞 + 名詞 + 地點(diǎn)狀語

There is a school there. 那里有一個(gè)學(xué)校。

在那個(gè)句型中a school是實(shí)正的主語，be動(dòng)詞的形式由它決定。當(dāng)那個(gè)名詞是單數(shù)時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞是is或was, 當(dāng)那個(gè)名詞是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞用are或were。如：

There are many students in the classroom.

在教室里有許多學(xué)生

There was an accident in the street last night.

昨晚那街上有個(gè)車禍。

There were lots of people in the room when I got in.

當(dāng)我進(jìn)去的時(shí)候，屋里有良多人。

there be句型的一般疑問句是將be動(dòng)詞提早，否認(rèn)句也是將be動(dòng)詞后面加上not,如：

Is there any water in the bottle?

瓶子里有一些水嗎？

There aren’t any students in the room.

房間里沒有任何學(xué)生。

題操練及謎底

一、寫出下列完全形式的簡(jiǎn)縮形式。

I am=_____ she is= _____ we are=_____

he is=_____ there are=_____ let us=_____

is not=_____ are not=_____ It is=____

who is=____

二、填入準(zhǔn)確的be動(dòng)詞

*. I ________ from Australia.

2. She _______ a student.

*.Jane and Tom _________ my friends.

*. My parents _______ very busy every day.

*.I ______ an English teacher now.

*.Where _________ you from?

7.The light _________ green.

8.My name _______ Li Dong.I _________ twelve.

9._________ they your new friends?

*0. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.

三、鄙人面的短文中填上得當(dāng)be動(dòng)詞。

I ______ a girl. My name _______ Mary. I ______ in Class 2, Grade 7. I ______ *2 years old. Here ______ my family photo. Look! These ______ my parents and those _______ my grandparents. This boy ______ my brother. He ______ ** years old now. That ______ my cat, Mimi. It ______ very lovely.

參考謎底

歐、*.am 2.is *.are *.are *.'m *.are 7.is 8.is; 'm 9.Are *0.'m; Are; 'm

三、I am a girl. My name is Mary. I am in Class 2, Grade 7. I am *2 years old. Here is my family photo. Look! These are my parents and those are my grandparents. This boy is my brother. He is ** years old now. That is my cat, Mimi. It is very lovely.